Or simply go through the following pages with links to the relevant articles
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Primer adhesion to stainless steel sheet and plate surfaces can be an issue. Some roughening of the supplied surface may be needed by blasting, abrasion or chemical etching prior to applying the primer coats. Final cleaning is also important. Typical coating systems are outlined for external environments category C3, C4, C5I and C5M to ISO 12944 and ISO 9223. Paints that contain metallic zinc should not be used on stainless steel as embrittlement of the stainless steel substrate can occur in the event of severe fire damage.
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Stainless steels naturally self-passivate whenever a clean surface is exposed to an environment that can provide enough oxygen. Passivation treatments are also sometimes specified for finishing stainless steel fabrications. Passivation normally involves using nitric acid. Citric acid treatments can also be considered. Recommended practices from ASTM A380, A967 and BS EN 2516 are shown.
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An up to date review of pickling processes for stainless steel including immersion, spray, localised and anodic. It emphasises the benefits of pickling on the corrosion resistance of stainless steel. Author – John Swain of Anopol first published in Stainless Steel Focus Issue 03/2007.
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Should heat tint discolouration in the heat-affected zone of stainless steel welds be removed? In cases where the application involves an ‘aqueous’ corrosion hazard, the local reduction in sub-surface chromium can affect the corrosion resistance of the steel. The removal of weld heat tint from stainless steel fabrications using acid pickling or electrolytic methods not only improves the overall appearance but is vitally important for restoring the full corrosion resistance of the finished product. As a general rule, if you can see a discolouration on the surface due heat tint, this should be removed as part of good post weld cleaning practice for any stainless steel welded joints. (37)
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Practical advice on the “hows” and “whys” of post weld surface treatments. Why removal of weld heat tint should be be the norm for stainless steel.
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Rouging is sometimes found in high purity hot water systems, usually appearing as a thin red or black powdery or ‘slimy’ deposit. The possible causes and mechanisms of rouging are described along with suggestions on how it can be avoided. Removal of rouge deposits is also discussed.
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(Health and Safety Executive Sector Information Minute SIM 3/2002/24)
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Site location is the initial consideration in selection of stainless steels for external applications. These are classified as rural, urban, industrial or marine. Micro-climates can influence the steel type selection. Other factors that influence the selection are surface finish, design, fabrication methods, accessibility for cleaning and maintenance and mechanical and physical properties of the steels. The main steel types 304 and 316 only are considered for UK external applications. (102)
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The appeal of stainless steels for internal applications is based on their corrosion resistance and wide range of finishes and textures available. For most building interiors intended for human occupation, either the ferritic 430, (1.4016), type or the austenitic 304, (1.4301), type are suitable. Grade, surface finish, fabrication and routine cleaning procedures are all important considerations. Fingermarking can be avoided by correct surface treatments. (101)
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Citric acid is a weak organic acid, found in fruits such as lemons, (citrus). Either the 304 or 316 stainless steel types can be considered for most storage and handling applications. Citric acid is also be used for cleaning and passivating stainless steels.
