Or simply go through the following pages with links to the relevant articles
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Surface finishes for stainless steel sheet, (coil, strip), and plates, are specified in BS EN 10088-2:2005. Ex-mill hot and cold rolled finishes and special finishes are tabulated. These include mill finishes 1D, (heat treated), 1E, 2B, (skin passed), 2C, 2D, (pickled), 2E, (mechanically descaled), 2H, (work hardened), 2R, (bright annealed, reflective) and 2Q, (hardened and tempered). Special finishes include 1G, 2G, (ground), 1J, 2J, brushed or dull polished 1K, 2K , satin polished, 1P, 2P, bright polished, 1M, 2M, patterned, 2W, corrugated, 2L, coloured, and 1S, 2S, surface coated. Electropolished, shot and bead blasted and peened finishes are not covered by BS EN 10088-2. Where available representative Ra surface roughness values are given for these finishes. A comparison of BS 1449-2 DIN and ASTM A480 surface finish symbols to those now used in BS EN 10088-2 is also shown. (100)
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BS EN 10151, (strip), and BS EN 10272-3, (wire), for springs are outlined. The grades in each standard are tabulated and compared to the BS5770-4 and BS2056 which they replace, where grades such as 301S21, 301S81, 302S26, 302S25 and 305S11 were specified. Grades listed include 1.4016, 1.4021, 1.4028, 1.4031, 1.4568, (17/7 PH type), 1.4310, 1.4301, 1.4401, 1.4369, 1.4372, and 1.4568 Mechanical properties in the cold worked, (temper rolled for strip, drawn for wire), conditions are shown. Heat treated properties for precipitation hardening grade 1.4568 wire are also shown.
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Paper originally delivered at the BSSA Conference ‘Stainless Solutions for a Sustainable Future’ held in Rotherham on 3rd April 2003. This paper describes a study where 2 high strength austenitic stainless steels and 3 carbon steels used at Volvo Cars Body Components, were compared. The differences in formability and crash absorbing capability of specific components made from these steels, during plastic deformation, are shown. Tensile (stress-strain curves) and forming limit curves are compared. Forming limit dome tests are better for assessing steels subject to microstructural changes during deformation. Component stamping trials are described and analysed.
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BS EN ISO 3506 replaces BS6105. Part 1 covers bolts, screw and studs, part 2 nuts and part 4 tapping screws. The chemical compositions are common to the various parts. Austenitic grades A1, A2 and A4 are shown and compared to bar grades 303, 304, 349S17, 316 and 394S17. Mechanical properties for property class 50, 70 and 80 austenitic bolts and studs and property class 20H, 25H, 30H and 40H tapping screws are tabulated and the fastener designations, such as A2-70 and A4-25H described. Duplex FA, (ferritic-austenitic similar to 1.4462, (2205), of EN 10088-1), is a likely future grade for inclusion in the standard. Fastener grade selection is covered in annexes to the standards. The standards lists grades 1.4439, 1.4539, (904L), 1.4529, (6% molybdenum austenitic), and 1.4462, (2205), as suitable for reducing the risk of chloride induced stress corrosion cracking failures in applications such as indoor swimming pools.
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This IMOA publication describes a selection process for stainless steel grades in external applications. A rating, (scoring), process for site evaluation, design and proposed maintenance is described. Environments are divided into categories of rural, urban and industrial pollution. The effect of chlorides is then assessed by rating the site in terms of its proximity to coastal or marine salt exposure, (de-icing salt), and local weather patterns. The combined design effects of surface finish, elevation, (orientation), and natural rain washing are considered and finally the proposed maintenance, (washing / cleaning), schedule. The total scores can then be used in the selection process. Grades considered in this rating process include 304 / 304L, (1.4301, UNS S30400), 316 / 316L, (1.4401, UNS S31600), 317L, (1.4438, UNS S31703), and more highly alloyed grades including 2205, (1.4462, UNS S31803, 32205), and 904L, (1.4539, UNS S08904).
IMOA have designed the free interactive Stainless Steel Evaluation Software program to help with these issues: (Web site disclaimer | software disclaimer)
Go to the IMOA Website to download the software which is PC and Mac compatible
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Stainless Steel Handrails and Street Furniture under conditions of moderate urban pollution and moderate to high de-icing salt exposure.
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Stainless Steel Exterior Wall Panels and Window Frames under conditions of moderate urban pollution and moderate de-icing salt exposure.
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Stainless Steel Light Poles under conditions of moderate urban and rural pollution levels and moderate de-icing salt exposure.
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Singapore Stainless Steel Roofing under conditions of moderate urban pollution and moderate coastal salt exposure.
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Hong Kong Building Exteriors and Railings under conditions of high urban pollution and high to moderate coastal salt exposure.
