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Magnetic Properties of Stainless Steel

The magnetic attraction of ferromagnetic ferritic martensitic and duplex stainless steels is compared with that of the low magnetic permeability austenitic types. Hard and soft ferromagnetic types are compared. The paramagnetic austenitics have relative permeabilities around 1 and can be classed as non-magnetic. The effect of steel composition and degree of cold work on the magnetic permeabilities of austenitic types is discussed, with reference to the nitrogen grades 304LN, (1.4311), and 316LN, (1.4406), and the high nickel grade 310, (1.4845). Austenitic castings grades and solidified weld metal areas have higher ferrite levels than wrought, parent materials and so have higher magnetic permeability levels.

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