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Elevated and sub-zero temperature mechanical properties of stainless steels to BS EN 10272

Introduction

BS EN 10272 is the material standard for stainless steel bars for pressure purposes. Most of the steels in BS EN 10272 have the same chemical compositions as bar grades specified in BS EN 10088-3, which also specifies the ambient temperature mechanical properties for the bars. The exception is grade 1.4951 which was added in the 2007 edition of the standard. Except for this grade, only the specified elevated and sub-zero temperature mechanical properties are covered in this article. These are minimum design values only and do NOT represent typical values.
The elevated and sub-zero temperature mechanical properties shown in this article include 0.2 and 1.0% proof strengths, tensile strength (UTS) and impact (Charpy) strength in the finally heat treated condition.

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The data given is not intended to replace that shown in individual standards to which reference should always be made.

New Grades in 2007 and 2016 Editions

In the 2016 version of the standard one austenitic stainless steel and three duplex, austenitic-ferritic stainless steels were added.

The grade added in 2007, Grade 1.4951 is a 310 type stainless steel with the following composition:

Steel Name Steel Number C Si Mn P S N Cr Mo Ni
X6CrNi25-20 1.4951 0.04/0/08 0.70 2.00 0.035 0.015 < 0.10 24.0/26.0 – 19.0/22.0

 

The new grades added to the standard in 2016 are as follows:-

Austenitic stainless steels
Grade 1.4361 is a high silicon stainless steel.

Its compositions is given below:-

Steel Name Steel Number C Si Mn P S N Cr Mo Ni
X1CrNiSi18-15-4 1.4361 0.015 3.7/4.5 2.00 0.025 0.015 < 0.10 16.5/18.5 0.20 14.0/16.0

 

Duplex, austenitic-ferritic stainless steels
Grade 1.4162 is also known as LDX2101 a lean duplex grade
Grade 1.4482 is also known as ACX 903
Grade 1.4662 is also known as LDX 2404

Their compositions are given below:-

Steel Name Steel Number C Si Mn P S N Cr Cu Mo Ni W
X2CrMnNiN25-5-1 1.4162 0.04 1.00 4.0/6.0 0.035 0.005 0.20/0.25 21.0/22.0 0.10/0.80 0.10/0.80 1.35/1.70 –
X2CrMnNiMoN21-5-3 1.4482 0.03 1.00 4.0/6.0 0.035 0.03 0.05/0.20 19.5/21.5 1.0 0.10/0.60 1.50/3.50 –
X2CrNiMnMoCuN24-4-3-2 1.4662 0.03 0.70 2.50/4.0 0.035 0.005 0.20/3.0 23.0/25.0 0.10/0.80 1.00/2.00 3.0/4.5 –

Elevated temperature proof strengths

The 0.2% and 1.0% proof strengths in BS EN 10272 are expressed in units of N/mm2 (MPa). These are shown below in separate tables

0.2% Proof strength

Ferritic, martensitic, austenitic and duplex steels are included in the following table.

Designation Condition Minimum 0.2% proof strength Rp0.2 at a temperature of (C)
Steel name Steel number 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550
Ferritic stainless steel
X2CrNi12 1.4003 A 240 230 220 215 210 – – – – –
Martensitic stainless steels
X12Cr13 1.4006 +QT650 420 410 400 385 365 335 305 – – –
X17CrNi16-2 1.4057 +QT800 515 495 475 460 440 405 355 – – –
+QT900 565 525 505 490 470 430 375 – – –
X3CrNiMo13-4 1.4313 +QT650 500 490 480 470 460 450 – – – –
+QT780 590 575 560 545 530 515 – – – –
+QT900 720 690 665 640 620 – – – – –
X4CrNiMo16-5-1 1.4418 +QT760 520 510 500 490 480 – – – – –
+QT900 660 640 620 600 580 – – – – –
Austenitic stainless steels
X2CrNi18-9 1.4307 AT 145 130 118 108 100 94 89 85 81 80
X2CrNi19-11 1.4306 AT 145 130 118 108 100 94 89 85 81 80
X2CrNiN18-10 1.4311 AT 205 175 157 145 136 130 125 121 119 118
X1CrNiSi18-15-4 1.4361 AT 185 160 145 135 125 120 115 – – –
X5CrNi18-10 1.4301 AT 155 140 127 118 110 104 98 95 92 90
X6CrNiTi18-10 1.4541 AT 175 165 155 145 136 130 125 121 119 118
X2CrNiMo17-12-2 1.4404 AT 165 150 137 127 119 113 108 103 100 98
X2CrNiMoN17-11-2 1.4406 AT 215 195 175 165 155 150 145 140 138 136
X5CrNiMo17-12-2 1.4401 AT 175 158 145 135 127 120 115 112 110 108
X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 1.4571 AT 185 175 165 155 145 140 135 131 129 127
X2CrNiMo17-12-3 1.4432 AT 165 150 137 127 119 113 108 103 100 98
X2CrNiMo18-14-3 1.4435 AT 165 150 137 127 119 113 108 103 100 98
X2CrNiMoN17-13-5 1.4439 AT 225 200 185 175 165 155 150 – – –
X1NiCrMoCu25-20-5 1.4539 AT 205 190 175 160 145 135 125 115 110 105
X6CrNiNb18-10 1.4550 AT 175 165 155 145 136 130 125 121 119 118
X6CrNiMoNb17-12-2 1.4580 AT 186 177 167 157 145 140 135 131 129 127
X2CrNiMoN17-13-3 1.4429 AT 215 195 175 165 155 150 145 140 138 136
X3CrNiMo17-13-3 1.4436 AT 175 158 145 135 127 120 115 112 110 108
X1NiCrMoCu31-27-4 1.4563 AT 190 175 160 155 150 145 135 125 120 115
X1CrNiMoCuN20-18-7 1.4547 AT 230 205 190 180 170 165 160 153 148 –
X1NiCrMoCuN25-20-7 1.4529 AT 230 210 190 180 170 165 160 – – –
X6CrNi25-20 1.4951 AT 140 128 116 108 100 94 91 86 85 84
Austenitic-ferritic stainless steels (duplex)
X2CrMnNiN21-5-1 1.4162 AT 365 325 295 275 – – – – – –
X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 1.4462 AT 360 335 315 300 – – – – – –
X2CrMnNiMoN21-5-3 1.4482 AT 340 315 300 280 – – – – – –
X2CrNiN23-4 1.4362 AT 330 300 280 265 – – – – – –
X2CrNiMoCuN25-6-3 1.4507 AT 450 420 400 380 – – – – – –
X2CrNiMoN25-7-4 1.4410 AT 450 420 400 380 – – – – – –
X2CrNiMoCuWN25-7-4 1.4501 AT 450 420 400 380 – – – – – –
X2CrNiMnMoCuN24-4-3-2 1.4662 AT 385 345 325 315 – – – – – –

 

1.0% Proof strengths

Only austenitic steels have specified 1.0% proof strength values, which are included in the following table.

Designation Condition Minimum 1.0% proof strength Rp1.0 at a temperature of (C)
Steel name Steel number 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550
Austenitic stainless steels
X2CrNi18-9 1.4307 AT 180 160 145 135 127 121 116 112 109 108
X2CrNi19-11 1.4306 AT 180 160 145 135 127 121 116 112 109 108
X2CrNiN18-10 1.4311 AT 240 210 187 175 167 160 156 152 149 147
X1CrNiSi18-15-4 1.4361 AT 210 190 175 165 155 150 – – – –
X5CrNi18-10 1.4301 AT 190 170 155 145 135 129 125 122 120 120
X6CrNiTi18-10 1.4541 AT 205 195 185 175 167 161 156 152 149 147
X2CrNiMo17-12-2 1.4404 AT 200 180 165 153 145 139 135 130 128 127
X2CrNiMoN17-11-2 1.4406 AT 245 225 205 195 185 180 175 170 168 166
X5CrNiMo17-12-2 1.4401 AT 210 190 175 165 155 150 145 141 139 137
X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 1.4571 AT 215 205 192 183 175 169 164 160 158 157
X2CrNiMo17-12-3 1.4432 AT 200 180 165 153 145 139 135 130 128 127
X2CrNiMo18-14-3 1.4435 AT 200 180 165 153 145 139 135 130 128 127
X2CrNiMoN17-13-5 1.4439 AT 255 230 210 200 190 180 175 – – –
X1NiCrMoCu25-20-5 1.4539 AT 235 220 205 190 175 165 155 145 140 135
X6CrNiNb18-10 1.4550 AT 210 195 185 175 167 161 156 152 149 147
X6CrNiMoNb17-12-2 1.4580 AT 221 206 196 186 175 169 164 160 158 157
X2CrNiMoN17-13-3 1.4429 AT 245 225 205 195 185 180 175 170 168 166
X3CrNiMo17-13-3 1.4436 AT 210 190 175 165 155 150 145 141 139 137
X1NiCrMoCu31-27-4 1.4563 AT 220 205 190 185 180 175 165 155 150 145
X1CrNiMoCuN20-18-7 1.4547 AT 270 245 225 212 200 195 190 184 180 –
X1NiCrMoCuN25-20-7 1.4529 AT 270 245 225 215 205 195 190 – – –
X6CrNi25-20 1.4951 AT 185 167 154 146 139 132 126 123 121 118

Elevated temperature tensile strengths

The tensile strengths in BS EN 10272 are expressed in units of N/mm2 MPa).

Only austenitic and duplex steels have specified tensile values, which are shown in the following table.

Designation Condition Minimum tensile strength Rm at a temperature of (C)
Steel name Steel number 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550
Austenitic stainless steels
X2CrNi18-9 1.4307 AT 410 380 360 350 340 340 – – – –
X2CrNi19-11 1.4306 AT 410 380 360 350 340 340 – – – –
X2CrNiN18-10 1.4311 AT 490 460 430 420 410 410 – – – –
X2CrNiN18-10 1.4361 AT 490 470 450 435 420 410 400 – – –
X5CrNi18-10 1.4301 AT 450 420 400 390 380 380 380 370 360 330
X6CrNiTi18-10 1.4541 AT 440 410 390 385 375 375 375 370 360 330
X2CrNiMo17-12-2 1.4404 AT 430 410 390 385 380 380 380 – 360 –
X2CrNiMoN17-11-2 1.4406 AT 520 490 460 450 440 435 – – – –
X5CrNiMo17-12-2 1.4401 AT 430 410 390 385 380 380 – – – –
X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 1.4571 AT 440 410 390 385 375 375 375 370 360 330
X2CrNiMo17-12-3 1.4432 AT 430 410 390 385 380 380 380 375 360 –
X2CrNiMo18-14-3 1.4435 AT 420 400 380 375 370 370 – – – –
X2CrNiMoN17-13-5 1.4439 AT 520 490 460 450 440 435 – – – –
X1NiCrMoCu25-20-5 1.4539 AT 500 480 460 450 440 435 – – – –
X6CrNiNb18-10 1.4550 AT 435 400 370 350 340 335 330 320 310 300
X6CrNiMoNb17-12-2 1.4580 AT 440 410 390 385 375 375 375 370 360 330
X2CrNiMoN17-13-3 1.4429 AT 520 490 460 450 440 435 435 – 430 –
X3CrNiMo17-13-3 1.4436 AT 460 440 420 415 410 410 410 – 390 –
X1NiCrMoCu31-27-4 1.4563 AT 460 445 430 410 400 395 – – – –
X1CrNiMoCuN20-18-7 1.4547 AT 615 587 560 542 525 517 510 502 495 –
X1NiCrMoCuN25-20-7 1.4529 AT 610 585 560 540 525 515 510 – – –
X6CrNi25-20 1.4951 AT 470 450 430 420 410 405 400 385 370 350
Austenitic-ferritic stainless steels (duplex) (Annex B Reference data only)
X2CrMnNiN21-5-1 1.4162 AT 590 560 540 540 – – – – – –
X2CrNiN23-4 1.4362 AT 540 520 500 490 – – – – – –
X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 1.4462 AT 590 570 550 540 – – – – – –
X2CrMnNiMoN21-5-3 1.4482 AT 580 540 520 500 – – – – – –
X2CrNiMoCuN25-6-3 1.4507 AT 660 640 620 610 – – – – – –
X2CrNiMoN25-7-4 1.4410 AT 680 660 640 630 – – – – – –
X2CrNiMoCuWN25-7-4 1.4501 AT 680 660 640 630 – – – – – –
X2CrNiMnMoCuN24-4-3-2 1.4662 AT 615 590 575 560 – – – – – –

 

Sub-zero temperature mechanical properties

Charpy impact (ISO-V notched test pieces) strengths specified in BS EN 10272 are expressed in units of J (Joules). The Charpy impact test pieces (55mm long x 10mm square section) can be taken either parallel (longitudinally) or across (transverse) to the rolling direction.
Values shown in the following tables represent longitudinal tests, unless shown as (T) to indicate transverse.

Ferritic, martensitic and duplex steels are included in the following table.

Designation Condition Max Thickness mm Impact Energy (ISO-V) KV min (J) – Longitudinal
Steel name Steel number at +20 C At -20 C at -40 C
Ferritic stainless steel
X2CrNi12 1.4003 A 100 60 – –
Martensitic stainless steels
X12Cr13 1.4006 QT650 160 25 – –
X17CrNi16-2 1.4057 QT800 160 20 (25 below 60mm) – –
QT900 160 15 (20 below 60mm) – –
X3CrNiMo13-4 1.4313 QT650 160 70 (50(T) 160 to 250mm) 40 –
QT780 160 70 (50(T) 160 to 250mm) – –
QT900 160 50 (40(T) 160 to 250mm) – –
X4CrNiMo16-5-1 1.4418 QT760 160 90 (70(T) 160 to 250mm) 40 –
QT900 160 80 (60(T) 160 to 250mm) – –
Austenitic-ferritic stainless steels (duplex)
X2CrMnNiN21-5-1 1.4162 AT 160 60 – –
X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 1.4462 AT 160 100 – 40
X2CrMnNiMoN21-5-3 1.4482 AT 160 100 – 60
X2CrNiN23-4 1.4362 AT 160 100 – 40
X2CrNiMoCuN25-6-3 1.4507 AT 160 100 – 40
X2CrNiMoN25-7-4 1.4410 AT 160 100 – 40
X2CrNiMoCuWN25-7-4 1.4501 AT 160 100 – 40
X2CrNiMnMoCuN24-4-3-2 1.4662 AT 160 60 – –

Austenitic steels are included in the following table. Only these steels have specified values for tests done at -196 C (after immersion in liquid nitrogen).

Designation Max Thickness mm Impact Energy (ISO-V) KV min (J) – Longitudinal
Steel name Steel number At +20 C At -196 C
X2CrNi18-9 1.4307 160 100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm) 60 (T)
X2CrNi19-11 1.4306 160 100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm) 60 (T)
X2CrNiN18-10 1.4311 160 100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm) 60 (T)
X1CrNiSi18-15-4 1.4361 160 100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm) 60 (T)
X5CrNi18-10 1.4301 160 100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm) 60 (T)
X6CrNiTi18-10 1.4541 160 100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm) 60 (T)
X2CrNiMo17-12-2 1.4404 160 100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm) 60 (T)
X2CrNiMoN17-11-2 1.4406 160 100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm) 60 (T)
X5CrNiMo17-12-2 1.4401 160 100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm) 60 (T)
X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 1.4571 160 100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm) 60 (T)
X2CrNiMo17-12-3 1.4432 160 100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm) 60 (T)
X2CrNiMo18-14-3 1.4435 160 100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm) 60 (T)
X2CrNiMoN17-13-5 1.4439 160 100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm) 60 (T)
X1NiCrMoCu25-20-5 1.4539 160 100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm) 60 (T)
X6CrNiNb18-10 1.4550 160 100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm) 40 (T)
X6CrNiMoNb17-12-2 1.4580 160 100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm) —
X2CrNiMoN17-13-3 1.4429 160 100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm) 60 (T)
X3CrNiMo17-13-3 1.4436 160 100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm) 60 (T)
X1NiCrMoCu31-27-4 1.4563 160 100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm) 60 (T)
X1CrNiMoCuN20-18-7 1.4547 160 100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm) 60 (T)
X1NiCrMoCuN25-20-7 1.4529 160 100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm) 40 (T)
X6CrNi25-20 1.4951 100 (60(T) 160 to 250mm) —

Heat treatment conditions

BS EN 10272 provides guidance on heat treatment and hot forming temperature ranges and cooling conditions.
Only the heat treatment conditions are included here. For the suggested temperatures for hot forming operations, see tables A.1, A.2 and A.3 of the standard.

Steel number H T Symbol Quench/anneal (1) Cooling (2) Temper (3)
1.4003 A 680/740 a –
1.4006 A 745/825 a –
QT650 950/1000 a,o 680/780
1.4057 A 680/800 a –
QT800 950/1000 a,o 750/800 + 650/700
QT900 950/1000 a,o 600/650
1.4313 A 600/650 a –
QT650 950/1050 a,o 650/700 + 600/620
QT780 950/1050 a,o 550/600
QT900 950/1050 a,o 520/580
1.4418 A 600/650 a –
QT760 950/1050 a,o 590/620
QT900 950/1050 a,o 550/620
1.4307, 1.4306, 1.4311, 1.4301 AT 1000/1100 a,w –
1.4361 AT 1100/1160 a,w –
1.4541, 1.4404, 1.4406, 1.4401, 1.4571, 1.4432, AT 1020/1120 a,w –
1.4435, 1.4439, 1.4550, 1.4580, 1.4429, 1.4436 AT 1020/1120 a,w –
1.4539, 1.4563 AT 1050/1150 a,w –
1.4547 AT 1140/1200 a,w –
1.4529 AT 1120/1180 a,w –
1.4462 AT 1020/1100 a,w –
1.4482 AT 900/1050 a,w –
1.4162 AT 1020/1080 a,w –
1.4362 AT 950/1050 a,w –
1.4507, 1.4410, 1.4501 AT 1040/1120 w –
1.4662 AT 1000/1150 a,w –

Notes
1 Quenching or solution annealing temperature C
2 Type of cooling a – air ; o – oil ; w – water
3 Tempering treatment temperature C
A – annealed AT – solution annealed QT – quenched and tempered

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