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BS EN 10269 is the material standard for stainless and heat-resisting steels, a selection of low alloy steels and some nickel alloys for fasteners. The chemical composition of stainless steel grades covered in the this standard include 1.4307, 1.4301, 1.4303, 1.4404, 1.4401, 1.4429, 1.4567, 1.4923, 1.4938, 1.4913, 1.4982, 1.4910, 1.4919, 1.4941, 1.4980 and 1.4986
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BS EN 10296-2 is the material standard for stainless and heat-resisting steels for circular welded tubes for mechanical and general engineering, (i.e. not pressure), purposes. It replaced BS 6323-8 on its publication in December 2005. The chemical compositions of steel grades covered in the this standard include are tabulated in this article and include: 1.4003, 1.4512, 1.4016, 1.4510, 1.4521, 1.4526, 1.4509, 1.4318, 1.4307, 1.4306, 1.4311, 1.4301, 1.4541, 1.4550, 1.4404, 1.4401, 1.4571, 1.4432, 1.4429, 1.4436, 1.4435, 1.4439, 1.4539, 1.4547, 1.4362, 1.4462, 1.4410, 1.4828, 1.4835, 1.4833, 1.4845, 1.4818 and 1.4854.
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BS EN 10297-2 is the material standard for stainless and heat-resisting steels for seamless tubes for mechanical and general engineering, (i.e. not pressure), purposes. It was published in December 2005 but does not replace any previous British Standard, unlike BS EN 10296-2 which replaced BS 6323-8. The chemical compositions of steel grades covered in the this standard include are tabulated in this article and include: 1.4512, 1.4002, 1.4016, 1.4510, 1.4006, 1.4307, 1.4306, 1.4311, 1.4301, 1.4305, 1.4541, 1.4550, 1.4335, 1.4404, 1.4401, 1.4466, 1.4571, 1.4580, 1.4429, 1.4436, 1.4435, 1.4439, 1.4563, 1.4539, 1.4547, 1.4529, 1.4558, 1.4362, 1.4460, 1.4477, 1.4462, 1.4507, 1.4410, 1.4501, 1.4424, 1.4749, 1.4878, 1.4835, 1.4833, 1.4845, 1.4876 and 1.4854.
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BS EN 10216-5 2004 is the European standard: Seamless stainless steel tubes for pressure purposes- Technical delivery conditions. It contains austenitic, duplex, creep resisting stainless steels. There are no ferritic, martensitic or heat resisting steels.
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Each of the stainless steel ‘families’ or types, (ferritic, martensitic, austenitic, duplex and precipitation hardenable, (PH)), are described in more detail than SSAS 1.1 The atomic (crystallographic) structures body centred cubic, (bcc), and face centred cubic, (fcc), cover ferritic and austenitic types, respectively. The chromium ranges, mechanical strength, and magnetic properties are compared and examples of grades for each type of stainless steel given. These include 1.4003, (3Cr12), 1.4016, (430), ferritic, 1.4028, (420S45), 1.4057, (431), 1.4418, (248SV), martensitics, 1.4301, (304/304S31), 1.4307, (304L/304S11), 1.4401, (316/316S31), 1.4404, (316L/316S31), austenitics, 1.4460, (2205 / 318S13), 1.4501, duplex and 1.4542, (17/4PH, 17/4, 17-4), and 1.4594, (520B) precipitation hardenable grades.
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Some chemical have both a ‘scientific’ and ‘common’ name, for example caustic soda is the common name for sodium hydroxide. Most corrosion table data uses the scientific names and so finding information can sometimes be difficult when only a common name is known. Reference is also made to alum, aqua fortis, aqua regia, bleach, caustic potash, chromic acid, ethanol and methanol, (alcohol), glycol, gypsum, javelle, (javel), water, Labarraque’s solution, marine acid, muriatic acid, oil of vitriol, oleum, rock salt, salt acid, spirit of salt, sulphurated hydrogen and wood acid.
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The carbon ranges of ‘normal’ and ‘low’ carbon 304, (304L), and 316, (316L), types are compared. The effect of carbon on intercrystalline corrosion resistance and welding is also covered and why steel is often offered as a dual certified product. European grades 1.4301, 1.4306, 1.4307, 1.4401 and 1.4404 are included in the comparisons.
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The former BS1449 and BS970 316 type grades 316S12, 316S16, 316S11, 316S13, 316S31 and 316S33 are compared and matched to the current EN steel number grades. Composition ranges for the ‘BS’ grades are given. For atmospheric exposure service conditions, except in extreme marine environments, the substitution of either: -316S11, (1.4404), for 316S12, or 316S31, (1.4401), for 316S16 should give satisfactory corrosion resistance, depending on design and finishing techniques.
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Grade 1.4571, (316Ti or 320S31), is essentially a standard carbon 316 type with titanium stabilisation and is similar in principle to the titanium stabilisation of the 304, (1.4301), type to produce 321, (1.4541). The role of the titanium alloy addition is discussed and is compared with the alternative low carbon 316 types. Comparisons of elevated temperature mechanical strength, pitting corrosion resistance, mechanical polishing and weldability are also made.
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This article compares the chemical composition of a number of 316 type grades as covered by the now superseded BS 1449 and BS 970 and their replacement, BS EN 10088 Parts 2 and 3. Grades covered include 316S11, 316S12, 316S13, 316S16, 316S31, 316S33 and European steel numbers 1.4401, 1.4404, 1.4432, and 1.4436
